Reaction turbines are acted on by water which changes pressure as it moves through the turbine and gives up its energy. The present research work describes the development of turgo turbine blades on the solidworks software. Impulse turbine and reaction turbineprinciple, working. The main classical hydraulic turbine types, after their invention in the last centuries, francis, 1848. Recent studies have shown that modern cfd tools combined with faster computing processors can be used to accurately simulate the operation of impulse turbine runners and injectors in timescales suitable for design optimisation studies and which. Sph method used for flow predictions at a turgo impulse. In this article, we see about the impulse turbine and reaction turbine principle, working and difference. It converts the kinetic energy from the water jet into mechanical energy. Mar 15, 2016 the turgo hydro turbine belongs to the impulse turbines class, along with pelton and cross flow machines, in which the energy exchange is based on the kinetic energy of the water that enters and leaves the turbine at atmospheric pressure. Turgo turbine is the preferred turbine for hydropower when the available water source has a relatively high hydraulic head at low flow rates.
Design of impulse hydro turbines longdom publishing sl. The turgo impulse turbine provides a unique and novel solution to increasing the capacity of a hydraulic impulse turbine while maintaining the nozzle and spear injector system as. Pdf fem analysis of turgo impulse turbine blade researchgate. The model is non realistic, build for just explaining the blade shape and design of turgo turbine. Difference between impulse and reaction turbine with pdf. Turbine selection criteria for small hydropower development. Turgo impulse wheel the turgo wheel is basically an improved version of the pelton. Operational turgo turbine achieve efficiency of about 87%. Flow analysis of turgo impulse turbine for low head power.
Jan 31, 2020 turgo turbine is the preferred turbine for hydropower when the available water source has a relatively high hydraulic head at low flow rates. The turgo turbine is used for pico hydro power generation. Pico turgo turbine below 5kw professional micro hydro. The simplest configuration is a singlestage turbine. The characteristic of pelton and turgo turbine performance. Impulse turbine efficiency calculation methods with organic. The turgo turbine, in figure 3, is an impulse turbine.
This is a video taken from the inside of a test rig that measures the efficiency small scale impulse hydro turbine impellers. In fact, it resembles a pelton only with half cups arranged around the. Effect of silt particles on erosion of turgo impulse. In most other respects they are very similar to peltons so the discussion above applies to both turbine types. Various methods of loss calculation were explored in the search for a method sufficiently accurate to. The turgo turbine is an impulse machine similar to a pelton turbine but which was designed to have a higher specific speed. They can handle a higher flow rate than a physically similarsized pelton turbine and the rotor is slightly cheaper to manufacture.
The turgo impulse design is a high capacity, medium head, free jet impulse turbine. Designed in 1919 by gilkes as a modification of the pelton wheel, the. Turgo hydro turbine, performance, efficiency, microhydro. An experimental investigation of design parameters. The design of this impulse water turbine is inspired from pelton turbine. Vipin uniyal, nikhil kanojia, kshitij pandey shivalik college. Micro hydro page turgo power pelltonwheels runners pellton. The turgo turbine is an impulse turbine, and can handle flow rates that are higher than those a pelton turbine can handle. Technical note impulse turgo and pelton turbine performance characteristics and their impact on picohydro installations bryan r. The research was carried out in order to perform cfd analysis of turgo turbine. The turgo turbine is an impulse water turbine design for medium head application. The jet impinges at an oblique angle on the runner from one side and continues in a single path, discharging at the other side of the runner.
Turgo turbines can handle higher water flow rates than a pelton turbine. The impulse turbine may be set up in a number of ways. Turgo turbine turgo turbine is a kind of impulse turbine suit for head over 8m, flow over 0. The turgo turbine is similar in operation to the pelton wheel.
Nov 12, 2015 this is a video taken from the inside of a test rig that measures the efficiency small scale impulse hydro turbine impellers. This configuration may be developed in search of better efficiency or higher output. I have not studied turgo turbine, so cant explain any concepts. In factory and lab tested turgo turbine performs with efficiency of about 90%. A turgo turbine is a type of hydro turbine specifically an impulse turbine, developed in the 1920s, that is a variant of the pelton turbine.
The maximum efficiency of an impulse wheel is achieved when the velocity of the runners at the center line of the nozzle is half the velocity of the incoming water. The water in a turgo turbine is moving quickly high velocity head, figure 2. The main difference between a pelton turbine and a turgo turbine is that turgo turbines use single cups instead of double cups on the wheel, and these cups are more shallow. The type of hydropower turbine selected for a project is based on the height of standing waterreferred to as headand the flow, or volume of water, at the site. Difference between pelton and turgo hartvigsen hydro. Instead of the jet striking the centre the bucket at a right angle and splitting into two the jet on the turgo enters the runner at an acute angle, passes through the wheel, and discharges from the other side. Renewable energy, hydropower, impulse turbines, turgo turbines, computational. Flow analysis of turgo impulse turbine for low head power plant. The turgo turbine is a impulse turbine shown in fig 3. Other articles where turgo water turbine is discussed.
The most common type of impulse turbine is pelton turbine. Turgo turbine was developed gilkes energy company in 1919. Impulse turbine and reaction turbineprinciple, working and. Fem analysis of turgo impulse turbine blade sourabh khurana 1, varun goel 2 and anoop kumar 2 1 school of engineering and technology, shoolini university, bajhol, solan 1732 12, india. Pico turgo turbine is our regular water turbine generator on stock, people can buy it from us, and we can deliver the turbine and voltage controller by express couriers like dhl etc. Hydraulic turbineshydraulic turbines raven mechanical.
Dec 30, 20 the turgo turbine is an impulse water turbine designed for medium head applications. Impulse turbine efficiency calculation methods with. The runner of turgo turbine look like a pelton runner split in half. This ability to deal better with large volumes of water gives the turgo turbine an advantage when used in hydroelectric plants that have medium hydraulic heads.
In factory and lab tests turgo turbines perform with efficiencies of up to 90%. Highlights open issues for further research and development of the turgo turbine. Fem analysis of turgo impulse turbine blade thaiscience. The design allows larger jet of water to be directed at an angle onto the runner face.
This type of turbine has been used in mediumsized units for moderately high heads. The turbine efficiency curve calculation is based on rated head design gross head less. A pelton turbine is installed horizontally and may contain numerous stages of runners and cups, each stage adding to the turbines efficient kinetic energy to drive the power generator. These turbines are in use for hydropower since 1919cobb and sharp, 20. Forster technology is focused on design, manufacturing and marketing of micro hydro turbine generators. Turgo turbine the turgo impulse turbine is a high capacity impulse turbine which utilises the same nozzle and spear injector system as the pelton. The initial cost of the turbine is low and is similar to pelton wheel. The expansion may be divided into several stages, where a part of the expansion is performed through each. Pdf the present research work describes the development of turgo turbine blades on the solidworks software. Thus the turgo impulse turbine was born and a patent was applied for in 1919 and granted to the young engineer, eric crewdson. In this case the jets aimed to strike the plane of the runner on one side and exists on the other. Flow analysis of turgo impulse turbine for low head. In principle, the impulse steam turbine consists of a casing containing stationary steam nozzles and a rotor with moving or rotating buckets.
Difference between pelton and turgo basically, the only difference is that the turgo has the jet enter about 20 degrees angle to the plane of rotation. The turgo turbine is a hydroelectric impulse turbine that has. This in turn makes it possible to use a larger jet relative to the turbine pitch diameter, therefore for a given head and target rpm the turgo can handle more water and produce more power. The jet coming out of the nozzle hits one or multiple buckets, rotating the turbine wheel and thus creating mechanical power. Over 100 years later the turgo maintains its place as one of the most popular hydropower turbine designs, testament to the longevity of the original design and technology. Analysis of the mini turgo hydro turbine performance for different working regimes, pp. The initial cost of the turbine is low and is similar to. A turbine was investigated by various methods of calculating its efficiency. This turbine is a modification of a standard impulse turbine.
The impulse turbines are turgo, jornal, banki, girad and pelton turbine. Turgo turbines were developed by gilkes in 1919 and are a development of the pelton turbine. By inclining the jet axially it allows more flow thorough the runner at a higher speed providing a machine suitable for use at head and flow rates usually reserved for francis. The main difference between the turgo and pelton turbine is the. The pelton turbine was found to be less efficient with a peak of just over 70% at a speed ratio of about 0. Turgo impulse turbine design was developed by gilkes in 1919 to provide a simple impulse type machine with cons iderably higher specific speed than a singgj g g j gle jet pelton. This is widely used in pico hydro power plant because the cost of the turbine is low.
Reaction turbines are acted on by water which changes pressure as it. When the steam passes through the stationary nozzles and is directed at high velocity against the rotor buckets. Development of hydro impulse turbines and new opportunities. The turgo turbine is an impulse water turbine designed for medium head applications. Development of the turgo impulse turbine research portal. Steam turbine is the widely use as a prime mover in power plants, refineries, petrochemical plants, food processing plants, power plants etc. Presents the turgo impulse turbine development from its invention until today. Impulse turgo and pelton turbine performance characteristics and their impact on pico hydro installations 1. Turgo turbine turgo impulse turbine 16 models available. The project was based on an existing impulse turbine, a onestage turbine set in an organic rankine cycle with the working fluid being r245fa. Turgo turbine impulse turbine 3d cad model library. The turgo impulse turbine is a simple and robust design that generates power from a high velocity jet of water. In a hydroelectric power plant, this is used to drive the generator of the turbine and that generator generates the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy. Effect of nozzle angle and silt parameters on erosion and.
Turbine and generator is designed as a whole body, which has 3 bearings. This has produced a turbine which operates in the higher flow ranges usually reserved for francis machines while maintaining a relatively flat efficiency curve. Impulse turgo and pelton turbine performance characteristics and. Model of a modified impulse turbine known as turgo. Graduate thesis or dissertation experimental study of. The turgo hydro turbine belongs to the impulse turbines class, along with pelton and cross flow machines, in which the energy exchange is based on the kinetic energy of the water that enters and leaves the turbine at atmospheric pressure. The turgo impulse turbine is known for its reliability and strength, and it can perform efficiently with the range of flows. Under the best conditions, the turgo turbine efficiency was observed to be over 80% at a speed ratio of about 0. Vipin uniyal, nikhil kanojia, kshitij pandey shivalik.
Effect of silt particles on erosion of turgo impulse turbine. As a result of its ability to maintain its original. Both offer high efficiency for a broad range of site conditions, but the primary difference is that the turgo can handle significantly higher water flow rates, allowing for efficient operation in lower head ranges and thus. The type of turbine is entered by the user based on its suitability to the available head and flow conditions. The turgo impulse turbine provides a unique and novel solution to increasing the capacity of a hydraulic impulse turbine while maintaining the nozzle and spear injector system as used in pelton turbines for flow regulation. Compact structure, easy to install, very little civil works.
The turgo impulse turbine was invented and patented by eric crewdson, in 1919. Pico turgo turbine below 5kw professional micro hydro power. The use of computational fluid dynamics cfd has become a wellestablished approach in the analysis and optimisation of impulse hydro turbines. Turgo hydro generator 48 volt dc langstons alternative. The turgo turbine is classified as an impulse turbine, similar to the pelton wheel, often used in picohydro systems. It was a part of my masters research project in mechanical.
It gives greater efficiency than the pelton turbine. Operational turgo turbines achieve efficiencies of about 87%. In a hydroelectric power plant, this is used to drive the generator of the turbine and that generator generates the mechanical energy of. Fem analysis of turgo impulse turbine blade sourabh khurana1, varun goel2 and anoop kumar2 1school of engineering and technology, shoolini university, bajhol, solan 173212, india 2department of mechanical engineering, national institute of technology, hamirpur 177005, india corresponding authors email. Analysis of the mini turgo hydro turbine performance for.